: group of midpalmar muscles, intrinsic muscles of the hand The most superficial and visible muscle of the calf is the gastrocnemius. : pennate muscle that has a tendon branching within it, origin : muscle that is lateral to the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus : fascicles that extend over a broad area and converge on a common attachment site, fascicle Achilles tendon muscles originate from above the hyoid bone in the chin region. • Locate and describe the major organs of the musculoskeletal system and their functions. The lateral and medial muscles in both compartments invert, evert, and rotate the foot. ). The pectoralis major is thick and fan-shaped, covering much of the superior portion of the We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. There are four pairs of abdominal muscles that cover the anterior and lateral abdominal region and meet at the anterior midline. The muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh are responsible for adducting the femur at the hip. : deep perineal muscle in women, tendinous intersections : most superficial muscle of the calf, gluteal group ). The term muscle comes from the Latin word mus, which means The flexor digitorum superficialis flexes the hand as well as the digits at the knuckles, which allows for rapid finger movements, as in typing or playing a musical instrument. The intrinsic muscles of the hand both originate and insert within it (. . : muscle group consisting of iliacus and psoas major muscles, that flexes the thigh at the hip, rotates it laterally, and flexes the trunk of the body onto the hip, iliotibial tract Main Body (From Hawaii HLTH140 course), 1.  is the only one that turns the forearm anteriorly. These muscles form the hypothenar eminence, the rounded contour of the little finger, and as such, they all act on the little finger. : muscle with an anterior fascicle that adducts, medially rotates and flexes the thigh, and a posterior fascicle that assists in thigh extension, anterior compartment of the leg The muscles of the vertebral column, thorax, and abdominal wall extend, flex, and stabilize different parts of the body’s trunk. The posterior muscles of the neck are primarily concerned with head movements, like extension. : a region that includes the adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, pectineus, gracilis, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, obturator externus Skeletal muscle tissue: Striated muscle that enables voluntary bodily movement 2. The system to name skeletal muscles will be explained; in some cases, the muscle is named by its shape, and in other cases it is named by its location or attachments to the skeleton. : muscle that attaches the vertebral border of the scapula to the spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae, rotator cuff Divided transversely into triangles, the anterior is the urogenital triangle, which includes the external genitals. : two-headed muscle that crosses the shoulder and elbow joints to flex the forearm while assisting in supinating it and flexing the arm at the shoulder. Place your finger on your eyebrows at the point of the bridge of the nose. There are three classes of muscles: skeletal, visceral, and cardiac. Muscles that position the pectoral girdle are located either on the anterior thorax or on the posterior thorax. Some parallel muscles are flat sheets that expand at the ends to make broad attachments. : quadricep muscle on the anterior aspect of the thigh, sartorius abduct: move away from midline in the sagittal plane. : muscle that flexes the big toe, gastrocnemius , along with the proximal end of the humerus, and the muscles covering these three bones to stabilize the shoulder joint. A PT works closely with patients to help them get back to their normal level of physical activity. Muscle Shapes and Patterns of Fascicle Organization, Axial Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Back, is a circular muscle that moves the lips, and the, is a circular muscle that closes the eye. : wide, flat muscle deep to the gastrocnemius, superior extensor retinaculum The tendons are strong bands of dense, regular connective tissue that connect muscles to bones. Standards A clear and concise 6-page worksheet on medical terminology of the muscular system used to describe its parts, processes, conditions, and procedures that can be performed on it. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. : superficial abdominal muscle with fascicles that extend inferiorly and medially, iliococcygeus ). The pelvic floor is a muscular sheet that defines the inferior portion of the pelvic cavity. fusiform They are called voluntary, of course, because the… Introduction. click here Medical Terminology in a Flash! In addition to the quadriceps femoris, the sartorius is a band-like muscle that extends from the anterior superior iliac spine to the medial side of the proximal tibia.  pronator teres : muscle that moves the palm and forearm anteriorly, supraspinatus extend and stabilize the knee. Flashcard Deck Information. Cardiac (involuntary striated) muscle has branching fibers and forms most of the wall of the heart. : three-headed muscle that extends the forearm, anal triangle : fascicles that are arranged differently based on their angles to the tendon, prime mover It resists the pressure produced by contraction of the abdominal muscles so that the pressure is applied to the colon to aid in defecation and to the uterus to aid in childbirth (assisted by the ischiococcygeus, which pulls the coccyx anteriorly). The muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh flex the thigh and extend the leg. The physicians originally studying human anatomy thought the skull looked like an apple. Additional muscles of facial expression are presented in. Perpendicular to it is the intermediate internal oblique, extending superiorly and medially, the direction the thumbs usually go when the other fingers are in the pants pocket.  flexors abductor pollicis longus: muscle that inserts into the first metacarpal. : muscle that provides weak flexion of the hand at the wrist, pectoral girdle The : diamond-shaped space at the back of the knee, popliteus A muscle with the opposite action of the prime mover is called an antagonist. The thenar muscles include the abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis, and the adductor pollicis. Because the muscles insert in the skin rather than on bone, when they contract, the skin moves to create facial expression ( : (deep posterior extensor compartment of the forearm) the abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, deltoid It separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities, and is dome-shaped at rest. axial The pectineus is located in the femoral triangle, which is formed at the junction between the hip and the leg and also includes the femoral nerve, the femoral artery, the femoral vein, and the deep inguinal lymph nodes. The moveable end of the muscle that attaches to the bone being pulled is called the muscle’s insertion, and the end of the muscle attached to a fixed (stabilized) bone is called the origin. The anterior muscles include the subclavius, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior. : pronator that originates on the ulna and inserts on the radius, pronator teres What follows are the most common It separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities, and is dome-shaped at rest. : large and flat muscle that originates on the ribs and inserts onto the scapula, subclavius : smallest of the gluteal muscles and deep to the gluteus medius, gracilis : superficial intercostal muscles that raise the rib cage, external oblique The pectoralis major is thick and fan-shaped, covering much of the superior portion of the. The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles.It permits movement of the body, maintains posture and circulates blood throughout the body. orbicularis oris The 11 pairs of internal intercostal muscles, just under the externals, are used for expiration because they draw the ribs together to constrict the rib cage. : region that includes the extensor digitorum brevis, extensor digitorum brevis : the deepest intercostal muscles that draw the ribs together, intercostal muscles flex the lower arm. Chapter 08b: Female Reproductive System. The large mass at the center of a muscle is called the belly. . : muscle deep to the biceps brachii that provides power in flexing the forearm. This chapter also will describe how skeletal muscles are arranged to accomplish movement, and how other muscles may assist, or be arranged on the skeleton to resist or carry out the opposite movement. The muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh are responsible for adducting the femur at the hip. The rectus The adductor longus flexes the thigh, whereas the adductor magnus extends it. : region that includes muscles that dorsiflex the foot, anterior compartment of the thigh Raise your eyebrows as if you were surprised and lower your eyebrows as if you were frowning. Fascicle arrangement by pectoralis major The deep anterior compartment The flexor pollicis longus and the flexor digitorum profundus  produce flexion and bend fingers to make a fist. the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body, a painful inflammation of the Achilles tendon caused by excessive stress being placed on that tendon, the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body, a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally, administered to suppress smooth muscle contractions of the stomach, intestine, or bladder, the inability to coordinate muscle activity during voluntary movement, weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures, paralysis of heart muscle (cardiac arrest), the surgical enlargement of the carpal tunnel or cutting of the carpal ligament to relieve nerve pressure, occurs when the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel are chronically overused and become inflamed and swollen, a disorder of unknown cause that affects many body systems, the circular movement at the far end of a limb, involves the compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by the fascia that separates groups of muscles, the permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues, a localized muscle spasm named for its cause, tested with a reflex hammer that is used to strike a tendon, the distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as in a tic or spasm, a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement, a diagnostic procedure for testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of the nerve trunk that carries fibers to and from the muscle, a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation, the act of raising or lifting a body part, inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow, the study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment, a specialist who works under the supervision of a physician to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness, increasing the angle between two bones or the straightening of a limb, the sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscles or groups of muscles, a surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure, a debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue, diffuse and or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain, and a wide range of other symptoms, decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint, a harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist, located at the back of the upper leg, consists of three separate muscles: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, a strain or tear on any of the three hamstring muscles, a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia nears its attachment to the calcaneus bone that can be one of the causes of plantar fasciitis, slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body, total paralysis affecting only one side of the body, the extreme or overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit, abnormally increased muscle function or activity, a condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscles, abnormally decreased muscle function or activity, a condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles, occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint, the place where the muscle ends by attaching to a bonen or tendon; the more moveable attachment, located farthest from the midline of the body, pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest, the long, slender cells that make up muscles, the stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve, the state of balanced muscle tension that makes normal posture, coordination, and movement possible, a group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system, a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles, the herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it, the surgical excision of a portion of a muscle, the sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles, a chronic pain disorder that affects muscles and fascia throughout the body, a specialized soft tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ), and carpal tunnel syndrome, a neuromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after a voluntary contraction, a physician who specializes in treating the causes of paralysis and similar muscular disorders in which there is a loss of function, pertaining to the relationship between nerve and muscle, a drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles, jerking of the limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling asleep, consists of activities to promote recovery and rehabilitation to assist patients in normalizing their ability to perform the activities of daily living (ADL), the place where the muscle begins; the less moveable attachment located nearest the midline of the body, minor tissue injuries that have not been given time to heal, inflammation of tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of a joint, the loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply, the paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body, a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function, treatment to prevent disability or to restore functioning through the use of exercise, an inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, a muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body, the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward, a diagnostic procedure to evaluate joint mobility and muscle strength, in straight alignment with the vertical axis of the body, when a muscle returns to its original form, a variety of muscular conditions that result from repeated motions performed in the course of normal work, daily activities, or recreation such as sports, a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis and disorders such as osteoporosis, fibromyalgia and tendonitis that are characterized by inflammation in the joints and connective tissues, an inflammation of the tendons of the rotator cuff, develops when rotator cuff tendinitis is left untreated or if the overuse continues, the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging, a painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia, myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm (hiccups), administered to relax certain muscles and to relieve the stiffness, pain, and discomfort caused by strains, sprains, or other muscle injuries, attached to the bones of the skeleton and make body motions possible, located in the walls of internal organs such as the digestive tract, blood vessels, and ducts leading from glands, a sudden, violent, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles, a stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side, a ring-like muscle that tightly constructs the opening of a passageway, the type of paralysis is determined by the level of the vertebra closest to the injury, specializes in treating sports-related injuries of the bones, joints, and muscles, an injury of a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist that usually involves a stretched or torn ligament, an injury to the body of the muscle or to the attachment of a tendon, the act of rotating the arm or the leg so that the palm of the hand, or sole of the foot, is turned forward or upward, an inflammation of the tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of the joint, a narrow band of nonelastic, dense, fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone, the surgical resection of a portion of a tendon or tendon sheath, the surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone, surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon, the surgical division of a tendon for relief of a deformity caused by the abnormal shortening of a muscle, utilizes high-frequency sound waves to treat muscle injuries by generating heat deep within muscle tissue, Medical Terminology, Chapter 4 Terms, The Muscular System, Medical Terminology, Chapter 1 Terms, Intro to Medical Terminology, Ch.10 musculoskeletal system MEDICAL WORDS (medical terminology system 7th edition), Medical Terminology - Chapter 15 Exercises, Medical Terminology Unit 5: Muscles, Bones, and Joints, Free online plagiarism checker with percentage.  muscles. . : muscles the intermediate intercostal muscles that draw the ribs together, internal oblique brachialis : muscles that abduct and flex each finger at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend each finger at the interphalangeal joints, palmaris longus , : large muscle mass of the back; primary extensor of the vertebral column, extrinsic eye muscles 5. , located deep to the biceps in the upper arm, are both synergists that aid in this motion. The actual medical term for this is lateral or medial epicondylitis (lateral if referring to the bump on the outside of the elbow, medial to the bump on the inside).. Tenosynovitis: Inflammation of the tendon and the sheath around it, often in a finger or the wrist Muscular diseases and pathology. : anterior triangle of the perineum that includes the external genitals, adductor brevis oblique : (also, peroneus longus) muscle that plantar flexes the foot at the ankle and everts it at the intertarsal joints, fibularis tertius The three layers of muscle also help to protect the internal abdominal organs in an area where there is no bone. : deep perineal muscle in men, diaphragm : transversospinales muscle associated with the cervical region, semispinalis thoracis This system reflects the bones of the skeleton system, which are also arranged in this manner. Smooth muscle tissue: Muscle that is not striated and not under voluntary control 3. ). : laterally placed muscles of the erector spinae, iliocostalis lumborum : muscle that depresses the hyoid bone and elevates the larynx’s thyroid cartilage, transversospinales For the purpose of this review, each of these systems will be discussed and explored separately. The muscles of the neck are categorized according to their position relative to the hyoid bone ( Alternately, when you exhale, your chest falls because the thoracic cavity decreases in size. The change in volume of the thoracic cavity during breathing is due to the alternate contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm( Most medical terms are comprised of a root word plus a suffix (word ending) and/or a prefix (beginning of the word). Body System: Muscular We know that sometimes it's hard to find inspiration, so we provide you with hundreds of related samples. : muscle that can flex the forearm quickly or help lift a load slowly, : flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, deep posterior compartment of the forearm, : (deep posterior extensor compartment of the forearm) the abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, : shoulder muscle that abducts the arm as well as flexes and medially rotates it, and extends and laterally rotates it, : muscles that abduct and flex the three middle fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend them at the interphalangeal joints, : muscle that extends and abducts the hand at the wrist, : muscle that extends and adducts the hand, : muscle that extends the hand at the wrist and the phalanges, : muscle that inserts onto the tendon of the extensor digitorum of the index finger, : muscle that inserts onto the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb, : muscle that inserts onto the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb, : band of connective tissue that extends over the dorsal surface of the hand, : muscles that move the wrists, hands, and fingers and originate on the arm, : muscle that flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist, : muscle that flexes and adducts the hand at the wrist, : muscle that flexes the phalanges of the fingers and the hand at the wrist, : muscle that flexes the hand and the digits, : muscle that flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb, : band of connective tissue that extends over the palmar surface of the hand, : group of muscles on the medial aspect of the palm, : rounded contour of muscle at the base of the little finger, : muscles that move the wrists, hands, and fingers and originate in the palm, : broad, triangular axial muscle located on the inferior part of the back, : muscle that flexes each finger at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend each finger at the interphalangeal joints, : muscle that brings the little finger across the palm to meet the thumb, : muscle that moves the thumb across the palm to meet another finger, : muscles that abduct and flex each finger at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend each finger at the interphalangeal joints, : muscle that provides weak flexion of the hand at the wrist, : shoulder girdle, made up of the clavicle and scapula, : thick, fan-shaped axial muscle that covers much of the superior thorax, : muscle that moves the scapula and assists in inhalation, : pronator that originates on the ulna and inserts on the radius, : pronator that originates on the humerus and inserts on the radius, : fibrous bands that sheath the tendons at the wrist, : muscle that attaches the vertebral border of the scapula to the spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae, : (also, musculotendinous cuff) the circle of tendons around the shoulder joint, : large and flat muscle that originates on the ribs and inserts onto the scapula, : muscle that stabilizes the clavicle during movement, : muscle that originates on the anterior scapula and medially rotates the arm, superficial anterior compartment of the forearm, : flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, superficial posterior compartment of the forearm, : extensor radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, : muscle that moves the palm and forearm anteriorly, : muscle that extends the arm and assists in adduction and medial rotation of it, :muscle that laterally rotates and extends the arm, : group of muscles on the lateral aspect of the palm, : rounded contour of muscle at the base of the thumb, : muscle that stabilizes the upper part of the back, : three-headed muscle that extends the forearm, : posterior triangle of the perineum that includes the anus, : opening in the diaphragm that allows the inferior vena cava to pass through; foramen for the vena cava, : skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is dome-shaped at rest, : superficial intercostal muscles that raise the rib cage, : superficial abdominal muscle with fascicles that extend inferiorly and medially, : muscle that makes up the levator ani along with the pubococcygeus, : the deepest intercostal muscles that draw the ribs together, : muscles that span the spaces between the ribs, : muscles the intermediate intercostal muscles that draw the ribs together, : flat, intermediate abdominal muscle with fascicles that run perpendicular to those of the external oblique, : muscle that assists the levator ani and pulls the coccyx anteriorly, : pelvic muscle that resists intra-abdominal pressure and supports the pelvic viscera, : white, fibrous band that runs along the midline of the trunk, : muscular sheet that comprises the levator ani and the ischiococcygeus, : diamond-shaped region between the pubic symphysis, coccyx, and ischial tuberosities, : muscle that makes up the levator ani along with the iliococcygeus, : long, linear muscle that extends along the middle of the trunk, : three transverse bands of collagen fibers that divide the rectus abdominis into segments, deep layer of the abdomen that has fascicles arranged transversely around the abdomen, : anterior triangle of the perineum that includes the external genitals, Lower Appendicular Muscles: Thighs, Legs, and Feet, : muscle that adducts and medially rotates the thigh, : muscle that adducts, medially rotates, and flexes the thigh, : muscle with an anterior fascicle that adducts, medially rotates and flexes the thigh, and a posterior fascicle that assists in thigh extension, : region that includes muscles that dorsiflex the foot, : region that includes muscles that flex the thigh and extend the leg, ) strong tendon that inserts into the calcaneal bone of the ankle, : region that includes the extensor digitorum brevis, : muscle that is lateral to the tibialis anterior, : muscle that is partly deep to the tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus, : region formed at the junction between the hip and the leg and includes the pectineus, femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, and deep inguinal lymph nodes, : (also, peroneus brevis) muscle that plantar flexes the foot at the ankle and everts it at the intertarsal joints, : (also, peroneus longus) muscle that plantar flexes the foot at the ankle and everts it at the intertarsal joints, : small muscle that is associated with the extensor digitorum longus, : muscle group that extends, flexes, rotates, adducts, and abducts the femur, : largest of the gluteus muscles that extends the femur, : muscle deep to the gluteus maximus that abducts the femur at the hip, : smallest of the gluteal muscles and deep to the gluteus medius, : muscle that adducts the thigh and flexes the leg at the knee, : three long muscles on the back of the leg, : muscle that, along with the psoas major, makes up the iliopsoas, : muscle group consisting of iliacus and psoas major muscles, that flexes the thigh at the hip, rotates it laterally, and flexes the trunk of the body onto the hip, : muscle that inserts onto the tibia; made up of the gluteus maximus and connective tissues of the tensor fasciae latae, : muscle deep to the gluteus maximus on the lateral surface of the thigh that laterally rotates the femur at the hip, : region that includes the fibularis (peroneus) longus and the fibularis (peroneus) brevis and their associated blood vessels and nerves, : a region that includes the adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, pectineus, gracilis, and their associated blood vessels and nerves, : extension of the quadriceps tendon below the patella, : muscle that abducts and flexes the femur at the hip, : muscle that supports the longitudinal arch of the foot, : four-layered group of intrinsic foot muscles, : muscle that runs obliquely between the gastrocnemius and the soleus, : diamond-shaped space at the back of the knee, : muscle that flexes the leg at the knee and creates the floor of the popliteal fossa, : region that includes the superficial gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris, and the deep popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and tibialis posterior, : region that includes muscles that flex the leg and extend the thigh, : muscle that, along with the iliacus, makes up the iliopsoas, : four muscles, that extend and stabilize the knee, n) tendon common to all four quadriceps muscles, inserts into the patella, : quadricep muscle on the anterior aspect of the thigh, : band-like muscle that flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the leg at the hip, : wide, flat muscle deep to the gastrocnemius, : muscle that flexes and abducts the thigh, : muscle located on the lateral surface of the tibia, : muscle that plantar flexes and inverts the foot, : quadricep muscle that is between the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis and is deep to the rectus femoris, : quadricep muscle on the lateral aspect of the thigh, : quadricep muscle on the medial aspect of the thigh, Defecating, urination, and even childbirth involve cooperation between the diaphragm and abdominal muscles (this cooperation is referred to as the “. 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